Worm gear and worm reducer is a kind of transmission machine with compact structure, large transmission ratio and self-locking function under certain conditions. It is one of the commonly used reducers. The hollow shaft worm gear reducer not only has the above characteristics, but also has convenient installation, reasonable structure, and is more and more widely used. A helical gear reducer is installed at the input end of worm gear reducer in hollow shaft worm gear reducer. The multi-stage reducer can achieve very low output speed. It is a combination of helical gear and worm gear stages, and has higher efficiency than pure single-stage worm gear reducer. Besides, it has low vibration, low noise and low energy consumption.

Common problems and their causes: (1) heat and oil leakage of reducer, (2) worm wheel wear, (3) transmission helical gear wear, (4) bearing (worm) damage.

1. Reducer heating and oil leakage. In order to improve the efficiency of worm gear reducer, non-ferrous metal is generally used as worm wheel, while hard steel is used as worm. Because it is sliding friction transmission, higher heat will be generated in the operation process, which makes the thermal expansion difference between the parts and seals of the reducer, thus creating clearance in all matching surfaces. Oil is easy to leak due to the increase of temperature. There are four main reasons. One is whether the material matching is reasonable, the other is the surface quality of meshing friction surface, the third is the choice of lubricating oil, whether the amount of added is correct, and the fourth is the assembly quality and the use environment.

Worm wheel wear. The worm wheel is generally made of tin bronze. The matching worm material is hardened by 45 steel to HRC 45-55, and 40C: hardened HRC 50-55. The worm is grinded by a worm grinder to the roughness RaO. 8 fcm. When the gear reducer is in normal operation, the worm is like a hardened "file cutter", which continuously files the worm wheel, causing wear and tear of the worm wheel. Generally speaking, this kind of wear and tear is very slow, like some reducers in a factory can be used for more than 10 years. If the wear rate is fast, it is necessary to consider whether the selection of reducer is correct, whether there is overload operation, worm gear and worm material, assembly quality or use environment and other reasons.

3. Wear of transmission helical gear. Generally occurs in the vertical installation of the reducer, mainly with the amount of lubricating oil added and the choice of lubricating oil. Vertical installation, it is easy to cause insufficient lubricating oil. When the reducer stops running, the transmission gear oil between motor and decelerator loses, the gear can not get the proper lubrication protection, starting or running process can not get effective lubrication leading to mechanical wear and even damage.

4 Worm bearing damage. When the gear reducer fails, even if the seal of the reducer is good, the factory often finds that the gear oil in the reducer has been emulsified, and the bearings have been rusted, corroded and damaged. This is because the gear oil is caused by moisture condensation from heat to cooling during the operation and shutdown of the reducer. Of course, it is also closely related to the quality of bearings and the assembly process.

Resolvent:

(1) Guarantee assembly quality. In order to ensure assembly quality, the factory purchased and manufactured some tools. When disassembling and installing reducer worm wheel, worm, bearing, gear and other parts, it avoided hammer and other tools to knock directly; when replacing gear, worm wheel and worm, it tried to select original parts and pairs to replace; when assembling output shaft, it should pay attention to tolerance coordination, D < 50mm, H7/k6, D > 50mm, and H > 50mm. 7/m6, at the same time, anti-sticking agent or red Dan oil should be used to protect the hollow shaft, prevent wear and rust, prevent the scale of the matching area, and make maintenance difficult to disassemble.

(2) Selection of lubricants and additives. The worm gear reducer generally chooses 220# gear oil. For some heavy loads, frequent start-up and worse environment reducers, the factory also chooses some lubricating oil additives (such as those of Public Security Chemical Company). When the reducer stops running, the gear oil still attaches to the surface of the gear, forming a protective film to prevent heavy load, low speed, high torque and start-up between metal and metal. Contact. Additives also contain seal ring regulators and leak-proof agents to keep the seal ring soft and elastic, effectively reducing the phenomenon of lubricant leakage.

(3) Selection of installation position of reducer. Vertical installation should be avoided as far as possible when location permits. When installed vertically, the amount of lubricant added is much more than that installed horizontally, which can easily cause heat and oil leakage of the reducer. Some of the 40,000 bottles /'pure draft beer production lines imported by the factory are installed vertically. After a period of operation, transmission pinion gears are worn and even damaged. After adjustment, the situation has been greatly improved.

(4) Establish corresponding lubrication maintenance system. According to the principle of "Five Determinants" of lubrication work, the factory maintains the gear reducer so that every gear reducer has regular inspection by your appointed person. When the oil temperature increases significantly, the temperature rises above 40 degrees C or the oil temperature exceeds 80 degrees C, the quality of the oil decreases or more copper powder and abnormal noise are found in the oil, it is necessary to stop using the gear reducer and repair it in time to eliminate the malfunction. Change the lubricant before use. When refueling, attention should be paid to the consistency of oil quantity and installation position to ensure the correct lubrication of the reducer.